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Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Perception and Risk Indicators : a 5-Year Follow-up
- Source :
- International Journal of Behavioral Medicine
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Background Perceived disease risk may reflect actual risk indicators and/or motivation to change lifestyle. Yet, few longitudinal studies have assessed how perceived risk relates to risk indicators among different disease risk groups. We examined in a 5-year follow-up, whether perceived risks of diabetes and cardiovascular disease predicted physical activity, body mass index (BMI kg/m2), and blood glucose level, or the reverse. We examined further whether perceived risk, self-efficacy, and outcome beliefs together predicted changes in these risk indicators. Method Participants were high diabetes risk participants (N = 432) and low/moderate-risk participants (N = 477) from the national FINRISK 2002 study who were followed up in 2007. Both study phases included questionnaires and health examinations with individual feedback letters. Data were analyzed using gender- and age-adjusted structural equation models. Results In cross-lagged autoregressive models, perceived risks were not found to predict 5-year changes in physical activity, BMI, or 2-h glucose. In contrast, higher BMI and 2-h glucose predicted 5-year increases in perceived risks (β-values 0.07–0.15, P-values β-values 0.10–0.16, P-values 0.005–0.034). Higher outcome beliefs predicted lower BMI among the low/moderate-risk sample (β-values − 0.04 to − 0.05, P-values 0.008–0.011). Conclusion Perceived risk of chronic disease rather follows risk indicators than predicts long-term lifestyle changes. To promote sustained lifestyle changes, future intervention studies need to examine the best ways to combine risk feedback with efficient behavior change techniques.
- Subjects :
- Risk perception
Diabetes risk
PREVENTION PROGRAM
PERCEIVED RISK
MODELS
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
HEALTH BEHAVIOR
Type 2 diabetes
Disease
Lifestyle factors
Full Length Manuscript
FAMILY-HISTORY
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Diabetes mellitus
medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Applied Psychology
2. Zero hunger
diabetes
business.industry
Behavior change methods
ADULTS
medicine.disease
Cardiovascular disease
3. Good health
Health psychology
5144 Social psychology
PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
terveyskäyttäytyminen
LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION
sydän- ja verisuonitaudit
Longitudinal
business
Self-efficacy
Body mass index
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Behavioral Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....830e11ca856958692b4e0ac20e6c44c4