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Allergenic components, biocides, and analysis techniques of some essential oils used in food products
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Nowadays, almost 300 essential oils (EOs) are commonly traded in the world market, with a prediction to be worth over $14 billion in 2024. EOs are natural preservatives for food products in order to reduce the activity of pathogenic microorganisms, therefore their use as an antioxidant or a preservative in foods has been encouraged. They are not only considered as antimicrobial or flavoring agents, but are also incorporated into food packaging materials. There are several types of EOs which have been approved as food additives by the Food and Drug Administration. Hence, it is important to use safe EO products to minimize possible adverse effect risks such as nausea, vomiting, necrosis, nephropathy, mucous membrane, and skin irritation. This review article gives information about some EOs that are used in the food industries and the types of some allergenic compounds and biocides which could make the EOs hazardous or may cause allergenic reactions in the human body. Besides, some analysis techniques of possible allergenic compounds or biocides in EOs were introduced and supported with the most relevant studies. The overall conclusion from the study is that pregnant women, patients taking drugs (e.g., diabetics) or the having a history of allergy are the most prone to be affected from EO allergenic components. As regards to biocides, organochlorine and organophosphorus types of pesticides that are carried over from the plant may be found mostly in EOs. The most common allergic reaction is skin sensitization and irritation if the EO components are oxidized during storage or transportation. Moreover, drug interactions are one of the other possible adverse effect. Hence, determination of biocides and possible allergenic component concentrations is an essential factor when they are used as a preservative or flavoring agent. The most prominent analysis techniques are gas and liquid chromatography because most of the allergens and biocides are mainly composed of volatile components. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Determining of the essential oil's content will be crucial if oils are used for food preservation or flavoring because they may have some hazardous effects, such as nausea, vomiting, necrosis and nephropathy. Therefore, after applying them to the food products, consumers (especially pregnant women) should be informed about their concentration levels and their possible adverse effects are taken into account when they are consumed over toxic limit. For this reason, we reviewed in our study that some allergenic components, biocides and toxic limits of EOs to be used in food products. In addition to this, recent analytical techniques have been explained and discussed which methods are suitable for analysis.
- Subjects :
- Preservative
Biocide
Volatile Compounds
030309 nutrition & dietetics
analysis
medicine.disease_cause
Antioxidants
law.invention
L. Essential Oil
Citrus Essential Oils
Anti-Infective Agents
law
Pregnancy
Gc-Ms Analysis
Food science
0303 health sciences
Chemistry
Food Packaging
Antioxidant Activity
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
Antimicrobial
040401 food science
Food packaging
Female
Irritation
allergen
Liquid-Chromatography
food.ingredient
Flavoring Agents
Chemical-Composition
biocides
Pesticide-Residues
03 medical and health sciences
0404 agricultural biotechnology
food
Food Preservation
medicine
Oils, Volatile
Humans
Plant Oils
essential oils
Essential oil
Food additive
Allergens
Antibacterial Activity
Alcohol Ethoxylates
Food Preservatives
Food Additives
Food Science
Disinfectants
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....83392ed285a662bb2a94cf6f7d70b122