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Solvent extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometric determination of probable carcinogen 1,4-dioxane in cosmetic products
- Source :
- Scientific Reports, Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020.
-
Abstract
- In the present work, a method based on solvent extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been validated for the determination of 1,4-dioxane in cosmetics. Various solvents including ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol, dichloromethane and acetone have been used for the extraction of 1,4-dioxane, among them the ethyl acetate was found to be the most efficient extracting solvent. This method has offered excellent quality parameters for instance linearity (R2 > 0.9991), limit of detection (LOD, 0.00065-0.00091 µg/mL), limit of quantification (LOQ, 0.00217–0.00304 µg/mL) and, precision intra-day (1.65–2.60%, n = 5) and inter-day (0.16–0.32%, n = 5) in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD%). A total of thirty-nine cosmetic samples of different brands and origin have been studied. Among them, the 1,4-dioxane was found in twenty-three samples (FB1-FB7, MC1-MC4, MC6-MC8, HS3, HS5, BL1-BL3, BL5 and PLD1-PLD3) at the levels between 0.15 µg/mL and 9.92 µg/mL, whereas in sixteen samples (MC5, HS1, HS2, SG1-SG5, BL4 and HP1- HP6) was found to be not detected. The recovery values were achieved between 93% and 99% in both low and high level of spiked samples. In comparison to the traditional analytical techniques, the proposed method was found to be very sensitive and cost-effective for the routine analysis of 1,4-dioxane at low concentration in cosmetics.
- Subjects :
- Quality of life
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Saudi Arabia
Ethyl acetate
lcsh:Medicine
Cosmetics
Acetates
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Article
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Environmental impact
Dioxanes
030207 dermatology & venereal diseases
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
lcsh:Science
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Dichloromethane
Detection limit
Multidisciplinary
Chromatography
lcsh:R
Extraction (chemistry)
1,4-Dioxane
Hexane
Solvent
chemistry
Carcinogens
Solvents
lcsh:Q
Gas chromatography
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20452322
- Volume :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Scientific Reports
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....846138718e00c9dcf8158156b99016ca