Relationship between Proinflammatory and Antioxidant Proteins with the Severity of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients are at significant risk of cardiovascular disease, however, the pathophysiology of these complications is complex and incompletely known in this population. The aim of this study was to compare the serum proteome of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus presenting or not presenting cardiovascular disease with non-diabetic subjects to find essential proteins related to these cardiovascular complications. This cross-sectional study compares the serum proteome by a combination of protein depletion with 2D-DIGE (2-dimension Difference Gel Electrophoresis) methodology. The proteins differentially expressed were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF (Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and Time-Of-Flight ion detector) or LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass-Mass Spectrometry). Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cardiovascular disease showed higher expression of plasma retinol binding protein and glutathione peroxidase-3 compared to those without cardiovascular disease and non-diabetic controls. These results show that proteins related to the inflammatory and redox state appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the cardiovascular disease in the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This work was support in part by Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social (Junta de Andalucía) Grant (PI05142012), RETICEF (RD06/0013/1014-RD12/0043/0014) and Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Instituto Carlos III) Grants (PI12/02141) with co-financing from FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional). We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).