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Neuronal lipolysis participates in PUFA-mediated neural function and neurodegeneration
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic cytoplasmic organelles present in most eukaryotic cells. The appearance of LDs in neurons is not usually observed under physiological conditions, but is associated with neural diseases. It remains unclear how LD dynamics is regulated in neurons and how the appearance of LDs affects neuronal functions. We discovered that mutations of two key lipolysis genes atgl-1 and lid-1 lead to LD appearance in neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans. This neuronal lipid accumulation protects neurons from hyperactivation-triggered neurodegeneration, with a mild decrease in touch sensation. We also discovered that reduced biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) causes similar effects, synergistically with decreased lipolysis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that these changes in lipolysis and PUFA biosynthesis increase PUFA partitioning toward triacylglycerol, and reduced incorporation of PUFAs into phospholipids increases neuronal protection. Together, these results suggest the crucial role of neuronal lipolysis in regulating neural functions and neurodegeneration cell-autonomously.HighlightsNeuronal lipolysis prevents LD accumulation in neurons.Defective neuronal lipolysis leads to touch sensation defect.Blocking neuronal lipolysis alleviates neurodegeneration.Neuronal lipolysis and de novo PUFA biosynthesis have a synergistic effect in neurodegeneration.The incorporation of PUFAs into phospholipids promotes neurodegeneration.
- Subjects :
- chemistry.chemical_classification
biology
Neurodegeneration
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Cell biology
chemistry.chemical_compound
nervous system
Biosynthesis
chemistry
Cytoplasm
Lipid droplet
Organelle
medicine
Lipolysis
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Caenorhabditis elegans
Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....852fe0cc1763094bba381c3b9c06776c