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Electric Mobility in a Smart City: European Overview
- Source :
- Energies, Vol 14, Iss 315, p 315 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- According to the United Nations (UN), although cities occupy only 3% of Earth’s surface, they host more than half of the global population, are responsible for 70% of energy consumption, and 75% of carbon emissions. All this is a consequence of the massive urbanization verified since the 1950s and which is expected to continue in the coming decades. A crucial issue will therefore concern the management of existing cities and the planning of future ones, and this was also emphasized by the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and communities). Smart Cities are often seen as ideal urban environments in which the different dimensions of a city (economy, education, energy, environment, etc.) are managed successfully and proactively. So, one of the most important challenges cities will have to face, is to guide citizens towards a form of “clean” energy consumption, and the dimension on which decision-makers will be able to work is the decarbonization of transport. To achieve this, electric mobility could help reduce polluting emissions on the road. Within this research, the strategies that six Smart Cities (London, Hamburg, Oslo, Milan, Florence, and Bologna) have implemented to encourage the transition to this form of mobility have been studied. Through a systematic review of the literature (Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) and through the study of the main political/energy documents of the cities, their policies on electric mobility have been evaluated. Then, for each city, SDG 11.6.2 was analyzed to assess the air quality in the last four years (2016–2019) and, therefore, the effectiveness of the policies. The analysis showed, in general, that the policies have worked, inducing reductions in the pollutants of PM2.5, PM10, NO2. In particular, the cities showed the most significant reduction in pollutant (above 20%) were Hamburg (−28% PM2.5 and −2%6 NO2), Milan (−25% PM2.5 and −52% NO2), and London (−26% NO2).
- Subjects :
- Economic growth
Control and Optimization
smart cities
020209 energy
Scopus
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
02 engineering and technology
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
lcsh:Technology
Smart city
Urbanization
London
0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Engineering (miscellaneous)
Air quality index
electric mobility
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Sustainable development
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
lcsh:T
Oslo
Energy consumption
Work (electrical)
efficiency
Greenhouse gas
Business
Energy (miscellaneous)
energy
Hamburg
Milan
Florence
Bologna
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19961073
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 315
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Energies
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....85354d8390f6dcee9267d55af8f2ca29