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Posttranslational Regulation of IL-23 Production Distinguishes the Innate Immune Responses to Live Toxigenic versus Heat-Inactivated Vibrio cholerae
- Source :
- mSphere, Vol 4, Iss 4 (2019), mSphere
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- American Society for Microbiology, 2019.
-
Abstract
- An episode of cholera provides better protection against reinfection than oral cholera vaccines, and the reasons for this are still under study. To better understand this, we compared the immune responses of human cells exposed to live Vibrio cholerae with those of cells exposed to heat-killed V. cholerae (similar to the contents of oral cholera vaccines). We also compared the effects of active cholera toxin and the inactive cholera toxin B subunit (which is included in some cholera vaccines). One key immune signaling molecule, IL-23, was uniquely produced in response to the combination of live bacteria and active cholera holotoxin. Stimulation with V. cholerae that did not produce the active toxin or was killed did not produce an IL-23 response. The stimulation of IL-23 production by cholera toxin-producing V. cholerae may be important in conferring long-term immunity after cholera.<br />Vibrio cholerae infection provides long-lasting protective immunity, while oral, inactivated cholera vaccines (OCV) result in more-limited protection. To identify characteristics of the innate immune response that may distinguish natural V. cholerae infection from OCV, we stimulated differentiated, macrophage-like THP-1 cells with live versus heat-inactivated V. cholerae with and without endogenous or exogenous cholera holotoxin (CT). Interleukin 23A gene (IL23A) expression was higher in cells exposed to live V. cholerae than in cells exposed to inactivated organisms (mean change, 38-fold; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 4.0 to 42; P
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Molecular Biology and Physiology
Cholera Toxin
Vaccines, Live, Unattenuated
Hot Temperature
THP-1 Cells
030231 tropical medicine
cholera
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
Monocytes
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Immune system
IL-23
Immunity
medicine
Humans
RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
Vibrio cholerae
Molecular Biology
Antigens, Bacterial
Innate immune system
Toxin
Cholera toxin
Cholera Vaccines
medicine.disease
Antibodies, Bacterial
Cholera
Immunity, Innate
QR1-502
3. Good health
030104 developmental biology
Gene Expression Regulation
Vaccines, Inactivated
Interleukin-23 Subunit p19
Cytokines
Cholera vaccine
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 23795042
- Volume :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- mSphere
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....865316d4e7e5dfbd4d8b33e3efd8f4c6