Sex Differences in Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention According to Age

Background— Women Methods and Results— Using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry, we evaluated the association of sex and age on cardiovascular-related outcomes in10 963 patients (3797 women, 394 P =0.003), driven largely by higher rates of repeat revascularizations for target vessel or target lesion failure (coronary artery bypass graft surgery: 8.9% versus 3.9%, P P =0.005, adjusted hazard ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2–2.2). At 5 years, young women remained at higher risk for repeat procedures (coronary artery bypass graft surgery: 10.7% versus 6.8%, P =0.04, adjusted hazard ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.01–2.88; repeat PCI [target vessel]: 19.7% versus 11.8%, P =0.002, adjusted hazard ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.24–2.82). Compared with older women, younger women remained at increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, whereas all outcome rates were similar in older women and men. Conclusions— Young women, despite having less severe angiographic coronary artery disease, have an increased risk of target vessel and target lesion failure. The causes of this difference deserve further investigation. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00005677.