Role of 320-Slice CT Imaging in the Diagnostic Workup of Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Background Right-sided heart catheterization (RHC) and pulmonary digital subtraction angiography (PDSA) are the standard methods used in diagnosing suspected or definite chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We studied the ability of 320-slice CT imaging to detect simultaneously chronic thromboembolic findings in the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary hemodynamics based on the curvature of the interventricular septum (IVS) in CTEPH. Methods Forty-four patients with high clinical suspicion of CTEPH underwent RHC, PDSA, and enhanced double-volume retrospective ECG-gated 320-slice CT scan. We measured the sensitivity and specificity of CT imaging to detect thrombi in the pulmonary arteries compared with PDSA. We also compared IVS bowing (expressed as curvature) measured on the short-axis cine heart image with pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) obtained by RHC. Results Compared with PDSA, the sensitivity and specificity of CT imaging to detect chronic thromboembolic findings were 97.0% and 97.1% at the main/lobar level and 85.8% and 94.6% at the segmental level, respectively. The correlation coefficients of IVS curvature with systolic PAP and mean PAP were −0.79 ( P P Conclusions The use of 320-slice CT imaging allows for less invasive and simultaneous detection of thrombi and evaluation of pulmonary hemodynamics for the diagnostic work-up of CTEPH.