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Salvadora persica L. chewing stick and standard toothbrush as anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis tool: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Source :
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 274:113882
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Ethnopharmacological relevance Salvadora persica L. chewing stick, commonly known as miswak is still being used as an oral hygiene tool for plaque control and prevention against gingivitis. Various studies have reported on the therapeutics and prophylactic effects particularly on periodontal disease. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of S. persica chewing stick compared to the standard toothbrush for anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis. Material and methods A PRISMA-compliant systematic search of literature was done from the MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar. Literature that fulfilled eligibility criteria was identified. Data measuring plaque score and bleeding score were extracted. Qualitative and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Results From 1736 titles and abstracts screened, eight articles were utilized for qualitative analysis, while five were selected for meta-analysis. The pooled effect estimates of SMD and 95% CI were −0.07 [-0.60 to 0.45] with an χ2 statistic of 0.32 (p = 0.0001), I2 = 80% as anti-plaque function and 95% CI were −2.07 [-4.05 to −0.10] with an χ2 statistic of 1.67 (p = 0.02), I2 = 82%. Conclusion S. persica chewing stick is a tool that could control plaque, comparable to a standard toothbrush. Further, it has a better anti-gingivitis effect and can be used as an alternative.
- Subjects :
- Toothbrushing
Miswak
Dental Plaque
MEDLINE
Dentistry
Oral hygiene
law.invention
03 medical and health sciences
Gingivitis
0302 clinical medicine
Qualitative analysis
law
Salvadora persica
Drug Discovery
Humans
Medicine
Periodontitis
030304 developmental biology
Pharmacology
0303 health sciences
Plant Stems
biology
Salvadoraceae
business.industry
biology.organism_classification
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Meta-analysis
Toothbrush
medicine.symptom
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 03788741
- Volume :
- 274
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8c52cba8fb2d0520fefb7694e070af36
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.113882