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Lethal effects of Cr(III) alone and in combination with propiconazole and clothianidin in honey bees
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Several anthropogenic contaminants, including pesticides and heavy metals, can affect honey bee health. The effects of mixtures of heavy metals and pesticides are rarely studied in bees, even though bees are likely to be exposed to these contaminants in both agricultural and urban environments. In this study, the lethal toxicity of Cr alone and in combination with the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin and the ergosterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicide propiconazole was assessed in Apis mellifera adults. The LD 50 and lowest benchmark dose of Cr as Cr(NO 3 ) 3 , revealed a low acute oral toxicity on honey bee foragers (2049 and 379 mg L −1 , respectively) and the Cr retention ( i.e. bee ability to retain the heavy metal in the body) was generally low compared to other metals. A modified method based on the binomial proportion test was developed to analyse synergistic and antagonistic interactions between the three tested contaminants. The combination of an ecologically-relevant field concentration of chromium with clothianidin and propiconazole did not increase bee mortality. On the contrary, the presence of Cr in mixture with propiconazole elicited a slight antagonistic effect.
- Subjects :
- Chromium
0106 biological sciences
Insecticides
Environmental Engineering
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
010501 environmental sciences
Guanidines
01 natural sciences
Median lethal dose
complex mixtures
Toxicology
Neonicotinoids
chemistry.chemical_compound
Animals
Environmental Chemistry
Ecotoxicology
Drug Interactions
Pesticides
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
fungi
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Clothianidin
General Medicine
General Chemistry
Honey bee
Bees
Triazoles
Pesticide
Pollution
Propiconazole
Fungicide
Thiazoles
010602 entomology
chemistry
Toxicity
behavior and behavior mechanisms
Heavy metals Pesticides Apis mellifera Ecotoxicology Pollution Synergism/antagonism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8cd62039a34d44314d47502e0e072825