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Secondary hypertension in adults
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Singapore Medical Association, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Secondary hypertension occurs in a significant proportion of adult patients (~10%). In young patients, renal causes (glomerulonephritis) and coarctation of the aorta should be considered. In older patients, primary aldosteronism, obstructive sleep apnoea and renal artery stenosis are more prevalent than previously thought. Primary aldosteronism can be screened by taking morning aldosterone and renin levels, and should be considered in patients with severe, resistant or hypokalaemia-associated hypertension. Symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea should be sought. Worsening of renal function after starting an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor suggests the possibility of renal artery stenosis. Recognition, diagnosis and treatment of secondary causes of hypertension lead to good clinical outcomes and the possible reversal of end-organ damage, in addition to blood pressure control. As most patients with hypertension are managed at the primary care level, it is important for primary care physicians to recognise these conditions and refer patients appropriately.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Coarctation of the aorta
Renal function
Secondary hypertension
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Blood Pressure
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Renal artery stenosis
Renal Artery Obstruction
Aortic Coarctation
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Primary aldosteronism
Glomerulonephritis
Internal medicine
Practice Integration & Lifelong Learning
Hyperaldosteronism
Renin
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Aldosterone
Referral and Consultation
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
Primary Health Care
business.industry
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Obstructive sleep apnea
chemistry
Hypertension
Cardiology
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8d1205ebdf0eb131abad82021d4450ee