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Interleukin-6 Is a Potential Biomarker for Severe Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Infection
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Plos One, r-IIS La Fe. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, instname, PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e38214 (2012)
- Publication Year :
- 2012
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2012.
-
Abstract
- Pandemic H1N1 influenza A (H1N1pdm) is currently a dominant circulating influenza strain worldwide. Severe cases of H1N1pdm infection are characterized by prolonged activation of the immune response, yet the specific role of inflammatory mediators in disease is poorly understood. The inflammatory cytokine IL-6 has been implicated in both seasonal and severe pandemic H1N1 influenza A (H1N1pdm) infection. Here, we investigated the role of IL-6 in severe H1N1pdm infection. We found IL-6 to be an important feature of the host response in both humans and mice infected with H1N1pdm. Elevated levels of IL-6 were associated with severe disease in patients hospitalized with H1N1pdm infection. Notably, serum IL-6 levels associated strongly with the requirement of critical care admission and were predictive of fatal outcome. In C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, and B6129SF2/J mice, infection with A/Mexico/4108/2009 (H1N1pdm) consistently triggered severe disease and increased IL-6 levels in both lung and serum. Furthermore, in our lethal C57BL/6J mouse model of H1N1pdm infection, global gene expression analysis indicated a pronounced IL-6 associated inflammatory response. Subsequently, we examined disease and outcome in IL-6 deficient mice infected with H1N1pdm. No significant differences in survival, weight loss, viral load, or pathology were observed between IL-6 deficient and wild-type mice following infection. Taken together, our findings suggest IL-6 may be a potential disease severity biomarker, but may not be a suitable therapeutic target in cases of severe H1N1pdm infection due to our mouse data.<br />This work was supported by the Li Ka Shing Foundation and Immune Diagnostics & Research. Dr. Alyson A. Kelvin is the Scientific Director for Immune Diagnostics & Research and had input into experimental design and write-up of the manuscript. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
- Subjects :
- RNA viruses
Viral Diseases
medicine.medical_treatment
lcsh:Medicine
pandemias
Disease
medicine.disease_cause
virus de la influenza A
Mice
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
Viral classification
interleucina-6
Influenza A virus
Pathology
lcsh:Science
infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae
Immune Response
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Multidisciplinary
Viral Load
Innate Immunity
Cytokine
Infectious Diseases
Biomarker (medicine)
Cytokines
Medicine
Female
carga viral
Immunotherapy
medicine.symptom
Viral load
Research Article
Immune Cells
Immunology
Inflammation
Immunopathology
Biology
Microbiology
Immune Activation
Immune system
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Diagnostic Medicine
Virology
medicine
Animals
Interleukin 6
Pandemics
Interleukin-6
lcsh:R
Immunity
Immune Defense
Immunologic Subspecialties
Influenza
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Animal Models of Infection
Immune System
biology.protein
animales
lcsh:Q
ratones
Pulmonary Immunology
Biomarkers
General Pathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8d4b9c0834038c25c6df622741eca82c