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In Situ Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Polluted Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
In Situ Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Polluted Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
- Source :
- Applied Spectroscopy, Applied Spectroscopy, Society for Applied Spectroscopy, 2011, 65 (5), pp.467-473. ⟨10.1366/10-06125Volume65,Number5,2011⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2011
- Publisher :
- SAGE Publications, 2011.
-
Abstract
- International audience; Time-saving, low-cost analyses of soil contamination are required to ensure fast and efficient pollution removal and remedial operations. In this work, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been successfully applied to in situ analyses of polluted soils, providing direct semi-quantitative information about the extent of pollution. A field campaign has been carried out in Brittany (France) on a site presenting high levels of heavy metal concentrations. Results on iron as a major component as well as on lead and copper as minor components are reported. Soil samples were dried and prepared as pressed pellets to minimize the effects of moisture and density on the results. LIBS analyses were performed with a Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm, 60 mJ per 10 ns pulse, at a repetition rate of 10 Hz with a diameter of 500 lm on the sample surface. Good correlations were obtained between the LIBS signals and the values of concentrations deduced from inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). This result proves that LIBS is an efficient method for optimizing sampling operations. Indeed, ''LIBS maps'' were established directly on-site, providing valuable assistance in optimizing the selection of the most relevant samples for future expensive and time-consuming laboratory analysis and avoiding useless analyses of very similar samples. Finally, it is emphasized that in situ LIBS is not described here as an alternative quantitative analytical method to the usual laboratory measurements but simply as an efficient time-saving tool to optimize sampling operations and to drastically reduce the number of soil samples to be analyzed, thus reducing costs. The detection limits of 200 ppm for lead and 80 ppm for copper reported here are compatible with the thresholds of toxicity; thus, this in situ LIBS campaign was fully validated for these two elements. Consequently, further experiments are planned to extend this study to other chemical elements and other matrices of soils.
- Subjects :
- Pollution
Soil test
Iron
media_common.quotation_subject
Analytical chemistry
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Atomic spectroscopy
01 natural sciences
010309 optics
Soil analysis
Contamination
0103 physical sciences
Sampling
Spectroscopy
Instrumentation
media_common
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
LIBS
010401 analytical chemistry
In situ measurements
0104 chemical sciences
Heavy metals
Lead
13. Climate action
Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy
Soil water
Environmental science
Copper
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00037028
- Volume :
- 65
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Applied Spectroscopy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8e01b565a4ee44aeb51a5911bc616c53
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1366/10-06125