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The Role of T Cell Immunity in Monoclonal Gammopathy and Multiple Myeloma: From Immunopathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Authors :
Ivana Lagreca
Giovanni Riva
Vincenzo Nasillo
Patrizia Barozzi
Ilaria Castelli
Sabrina Basso
Francesca Bettelli
Davide Giusti
Angela Cuoghi
Paola Bresciani
Andrea Messerotti
Andrea Gilioli
Valeria Pioli
Corrado Colasante
Daniela Vallerini
Ambra Paolini
Monica Maccaferri
Francesca Donatelli
Fabio Forghieri
Monica Morselli
Elisabetta Colaci
Giovanna Leonardi
Roberto Marasca
Leonardo Potenza
Rossella Manfredini
Enrico Tagliafico
Tommaso Trenti
Patrizia Comoli
Mario Luppi
Source :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23:5242
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant growth of clonal plasma cells, typically arising from asymptomatic precursor conditions, namely monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM). Profound immunological dysfunctions and cytokine deregulation are known to characterize the evolution of the disease, allowing immune escape and proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells. In the past decades, several studies have shown that the immune system can recognize MGUS and MM clonal cells, suggesting that anti-myeloma T cell immunity could be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. In line with this notion, chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is emerging as a novel treatment in MM, especially in the relapsed/refractory disease setting. In this review, we focus on the pivotal contribution of T cell impairment in the immunopathogenesis of plasma cell dyscrasias and, in particular, in the disease progression from MGUS to SMM and MM, highlighting the potentials of T cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches in these settings.

Details

ISSN :
14220067
Volume :
23
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....8f262d44969628b8aeed74fed6562450
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095242