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Greenhouse Gas Emissions after Application of Landfilled Paper Mill Sludge for Land Reclamation of a Nonacidic Mine Tailings Site
- Source :
- Journal of environmental quality. 46(5)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Large areas of mine tailings are reclaimed by applying organic amendments such as paper mill sludge (PMS). Although mining industries can use PMS freshly generated by paper mills, operational constraints on paper industries make temporary landfilling of this material an unavoidable alternative for the paper industries, creating the most prominent PMS source for mining industries. This study aimed to quantify soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (N2O, CO2, and CH4) after application of landfilled PMS (LPMS; i.e., excavated from a landfill site at a paper mill) and LPMS combined with a seeding treatment of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) on nonacidic mine tailings site prior to reforestation. Soil N2O, CO2, and CH4 fluxes were measured after applications of 50 and 100 Mg dry LPMS ha−1 during two consecutive snowfree seasons on two adjacent sites; LPMS was applied once in the first season. The LPMS application increased N2O emissions (7.6 to 34.7 kg N2O-N ha−1, comprising 1.04 to 2.43% of applied N) compared with the unamended control during the first season; these emissions were negligible during the second season. The LPMS application increased CO2 emissions (~5800 to 11,400 kg CO2–C ha−1, comprising 7 to 27% of applied C) compared with the unamended control on both sites and in both seasons. Fluxes of CH4 were negligible. White clover combined with LPMS treatments did not affect soil GHG emissions. These new GHG emission factors should be integrated into life-cycle analyses to evaluate the C footprint of potential symbioses between the mining and paper industries. Future research should focus on the effect of PMS applications on soil GHG emissions from a variety of mine tailings under various management practices and climatic conditions to plan responsible and sustainable land reclamation.
- Subjects :
- Greenhouse Effect
Paper
Environmental Engineering
Industrial Waste
010501 environmental sciences
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
01 natural sciences
Mining
Greenhouse Gases
Soil
Land reclamation
Waste Management and Disposal
Management practices
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Water Science and Technology
Waste management
biology
business.industry
Environmental engineering
Reforestation
Paper mill
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
Carbon Dioxide
biology.organism_classification
Pollution
Tailings
Waste Disposal Facilities
Greenhouse gas
040103 agronomy & agriculture
Trifolium repens
0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Environmental science
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00472425
- Volume :
- 46
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of environmental quality
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9097a4e0e65274c78195d4811614e5f8