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Floral plasticity: Herbivore-species-specific-induced changes in flower traits with contrasting effects on pollinator visitation

Authors :
Farzana Nowrin
Gerrit Polder
Erik H. Poelman
Quint Rusman
Dani Lucas-Barbosa
Source :
Plant Cell and Environment, 42(6), 1882-1896, Plant, Cell & Environment, Plant Cell and Environment 42 (2019) 6
Publication Year :
2019

Abstract

Plant phenotypic plasticity in response to antagonists can affect other community members such as mutualists, conferring potential ecological costs associated with inducible plant defence. For flowering plants, induction of defences to deal with herbivores can lead to disruption of plant–pollinator interactions. Current knowledge on the full extent of herbivore‐induced changes in flower traits is limited, and we know little about specificity of induction of flower traits and specificity of effect on flower visitors. We exposed flowering Brassica nigra plants to six insect herbivore species and recorded changes in flower traits (flower abundance, morphology, colour, volatile emission, nectar quantity, and pollen quantity and size) and the behaviour of two pollinating insects. Our results show that herbivory can affect multiple flower traits and pollinator behaviour. Most plastic floral traits were flower morphology, colour, the composition of the volatile blend, and nectar production. Herbivore‐induced changes in flower traits resulted in positive, negative, or neutral effects on pollinator behaviour. Effects on flower traits and pollinator behaviour were herbivore species‐specific. Flowers show extensive plasticity in response to antagonist herbivores, with contrasting effects on mutualist pollinators. Antagonists can potentially act as agents of selection on flower traits and plant reproduction via plant‐mediated interactions with mutualists.<br />We show that plant interactions with pollinators may be easily disrupted or enhanced by herbivores due to extensive floral plasticity. Herbivore‐species‐specific changes in flower morphology, colour, volatile blend, and nectar and pollen production had contrasting effects on pollinator behaviour.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
01407791
Volume :
42
Issue :
6
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Plant Cell and Environment
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....9142eb30a8c25fb8c4d8972cea5e8ad0
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13520