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An islet in distress: β cell failure in type 2 diabetes
- Source :
- Journal of Diabetes Investigation
- Publication Year :
- 2010
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2010.
-
Abstract
- Over 200 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, a disorder of glucose homeostasis. The majority of these individuals are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. It has traditionally been thought that tissue resistance to the action of insulin is the primary defect in type 2 diabetes. However, recent longitudinal and genome‐wide association studies have shown that insulin resistance is more likely to be a precondition, and that the failure of the pancreatic β cell to meet the increased insulin requirements is the triggering factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. A major emphasis in diabetes research has therefore shifted to understanding the causes of β cell failure. Collectively, these studies have implicated a complex network of triggers, which activate intersecting execution pathways leading to β cell dysfunction and death. In the present review, we discuss these triggers (glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, amyloid and cytokines) with respect to the pathways they activate (oxidative stress, inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress) and propose a model for understanding β cell failure in type 2 diabetes. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2010.00021.x, 2010)
- Subjects :
- Islet
medicine.medical_specialty
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
medicine.medical_treatment
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Inflammation
Review Article
Type 2 diabetes
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Insulin resistance
Diabetes mellitus
Internal medicine
Internal Medicine
medicine
Glucose homeostasis
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
geography
geography.geographical_feature_category
business.industry
Insulin
Diabetes
General Medicine
medicine.disease
3. Good health
Endocrinology
Lipotoxicity
medicine.symptom
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20401124 and 20401116
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Diabetes Investigation
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....92a4df139a1a059c076ec2cc9461db7e
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-1124.2010.00021.x