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Beyond the RCT: When are Randomized Trials Unnecessary for New Therapeutic Devices, and What Should We Do Instead?
- Source :
- Annals of Surgery, 275, 324-331, Annals of Surgery, 275, 2, pp. 324-331, Annals of Surgery
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Contains fulltext : 248580.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop an evidence-based framework for evaluation of therapeutic devices, based on ethical principles and clinical evidence considerations. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Nearly all medical products which do not work solely through chemical action are regulated as medical devices. Their huge range of purposes, mechanisms of action and risks pose challenges for regulation. High-profile implantable device failures have fuelled concerns about the level of clinical evidence needed for market approval. Calls for more rigorous evaluation lack clarity about what kind of evaluation is appropriate, and are commonly interpreted as meaning more randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These are valuable where devices are genuinely new and claim to offer measurable therapeutic benefits. Where this is not the case, RCTs may be inappropriate and wasteful. METHODS: Starting with a set of ethical principles and basic precepts of clinical epidemiology, we developed a sequential decision-making algorithm for identifying when an RCT should be performed to evaluate new therapeutic devices, and when other methods, such as observational study designs and registry-based approaches, are acceptable. RESULTS: The algorithm clearly defines a group of devices where an RCT is deemed necessary, and the associated framework indicates that an IDEAL 2b study should be the default clinical evaluation method where it is not. CONCLUSIONS: The algorithm and recommendations are based on the principles of the IDEAL-D framework for medical device evaluation and appear eminently practicable. Their use would create a safer system for monitoring innovation, and facilitate more rapid detection of potential hazards to patients and the public.
- Subjects :
- safety
Clinical Decision-Making
MEDLINE
medical devices
law.invention
Randomized controlled trial
law
SAFER
Humans
Medicine
Meaning (existential)
Set (psychology)
Review Papers
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
clinical trials
evaluation
evidence
business.industry
regulation
Equipment and Supplies
Action (philosophy)
Risk analysis (engineering)
Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15]
CLARITY
Surgery
Observational study
business
RCT
Algorithms
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00034932
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Annals of Surgery, 275, 324-331, Annals of Surgery, 275, 2, pp. 324-331, Annals of Surgery
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....939d88c34787f71f2ce9ac387b864c53