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Diversity and evolution of conotoxins based on gene expression profiling of Conus litteratus
- Source :
- Genomics. 88:809-819
- Publication Year :
- 2006
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2006.
-
Abstract
- Cone snails are attracting increasing scientific attention due to their unprecedented diversity of invaluable channel-targeted peptides. As arguably the largest and most successful evolutionary genus of invertebrates, Conus also may become the model system to study the evolution of multigene families and biodiversity. Here, a set of 897 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) derived from a Conus litteratus venom duct was analyzed to illuminate the diversity and evolution mechanism of conotoxins. Nearly half of these ESTs represent the coding sequences of conotoxins, which were grouped into 42 novel conotoxin cDNA sequences (seven superfamilies), with T-superfamily conotoxins being the dominant component. The gene expression profile of conotoxin revealed that transcripts are expressed with order-of-magnitude differences, sequence divergence within a superfamily increases from the N to the C terminus of the open reading frame, and even multiple scaffold-different mature peptides exist in a conotoxin gene superfamily. Most excitingly, we identified a novel conotoxin superfamily and three novel cysteine scaffolds. These results give an initial insight into the C. litteratus transcriptome that will contribute to a better understanding of conotoxin evolution and the study of the cone snail genome in the near future.
- Subjects :
- Conotoxin
Evolution
Sequence analysis
Molecular Sequence Data
Neurotoxins
Biology
complex mixtures
Cone snail
Evolution, Molecular
Expressed sequence tag
Molecular evolution
Conus
Genetics
Animals
Amino Acid Sequence
Exon shuffling
Gene Library
Diversity
Base Sequence
Gene Expression Profiling
Conus Snail
Genetic Variation
Proteins
Exons
Sequence Analysis, DNA
biology.organism_classification
Conus litteratus
Evolutionary biology
Conotoxins
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 08887543
- Volume :
- 88
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Genomics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....946a30aece2e752a18b593afe2f5bc91