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Epigenetic Blocking of an Enhancer Region Controls Irradiation-Induced Proapoptotic Gene Expression in Drosophila Embryos
- Source :
- Developmental Cell. (4):481-493
- Publisher :
- Elsevier Inc.
-
Abstract
- SummaryDrosophila embryos are highly sensitive to γ-ray-induced apoptosis at early but not later, more differentiated stages during development. Two proapoptotic genes, reaper and hid, are upregulated rapidly following irradiation. However, in post-stage-12 embryos, in which most cells have begun differentiation, neither proapoptotic gene can be induced by high doses of irradiation. Our study indicates that the sensitive-to-resistant transition is due to epigenetic blocking of the irradiation-responsive enhancer region (IRER), which is located upstream of reaper but is also required for the induction of hid in response to irradiation. This IRER, but not the transcribed regions of reaper/hid, becomes enriched for trimethylated H3K27/H3K9 and forms a heterochromatin-like structure during the sensitive-to-resistant transition. The functions of histone-modifying enzymes Hdac1(rpd3) and Su(var)3-9 and PcG proteins Su(z)12 and Polycomb are required for this process. Thus, direct epigenetic regulation of two proapoptotic genes controls cellular sensitivity to cytotoxic stimuli.
- Subjects :
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
animal structures
Apoptosis
CELLCYCLE
Histone Deacetylases
Article
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Epigenesis, Genetic
Histones
Drosophilidae
Gene expression
Animals
Deoxyribonuclease I
Drosophila Proteins
Epigenetics
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Enhancer
Molecular Biology
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Polycomb Repressive Complex 1
biology
Reaper
Gene Expression Profiling
Neuropeptides
fungi
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2
Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
Cell Biology
DNA
biology.organism_classification
Molecular biology
Chromatin
Repressor Proteins
Drosophila melanogaster
Enhancer Elements, Genetic
Histone
Gamma Rays
biology.protein
Drosophila Protein
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15345807
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Developmental Cell
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....965d4358c57a08edec0800a4fe26e236
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2008.01.018