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Socioeconomic differences in Body Mass Index in Spain:an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy
- Source :
- Hernández-Yumar, A, Wemrell, M, Abásolo Alessón, I, González López-Valcárcel, B, Leckie, G & Merlo, J 2018, ' Socioeconomic differences in Body Mass Index in Spain : an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy ', PLoS ONE, vol. 13, no. 12, e0208624 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208624, PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 12, p e0208624 (2018), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Many studies have demonstrated the existence of simple, unidimensional socioeconomic gradients in body mass index (BMI). However, in the present paper we move beyond such traditional analyses by simultaneously considering multiple demographic and socioeconomic dimensions. Using the Spanish National Health Survey 2011–2012, we apply intersectionality theory and multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) to analyze 14,190 adults nested within 108 intersectional strata defined by combining categories of gender, age, income, educational achievement and living situation. We develop two multilevel models to obtain information on stratum-specific BMI averages and the degree of clustering of BMI within strata expressed by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The first model is a simple variance components analysis that provides a detailed mapping of the BMI disparities in the population and measures the accuracy of stratum membership to predict individual BMI. The second model includes the variables used to define the intersectional strata as a way to identify stratum-specific interactions. The first model suggests moderate but meaningful clustering of individual BMI within the intersectional strata (ICC = 12.4%). Compared with the population average (BMI = 26.07 Kg/m2), the stratum of cohabiting 18-35-year-old females with medium income and high education presents the lowest BMI (-3.7 Kg/m2), while cohabiting 36-64-year-old females with low income and low education show the highest BMI (+2.6 Kg/m2). In the second model, the ICC falls to 1.9%, suggesting the existence of only very small stratum specific interaction effects. We confirm the existence of a socioeconomic gradient in BMI. Compared with traditional analyses, the intersectional MAIHDA approach provides a better mapping of socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in BMI. Because of the moderate clustering, public health policies aiming to reduce BMI in Spain should not solely focus on the intersectional strata with the highest BMI, but should also consider whole population polices.
- Subjects :
- Male
Cross-sectional study
Physiology
Epidemiology
Economics
Social Sciences
Geographical locations
Body Mass Index
0302 clinical medicine
Sociology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Cluster Analysis
Public and Occupational Health
030212 general & internal medicine
education.field_of_study
Family Characteristics
Multidisciplinary
Multilevel model
Middle Aged
Socioeconomic Aspects of Health
Europe
Geography
Physiological Parameters
Income
Educational Status
Medicine
Female
0305 other medical science
Research Article
Adult
Adolescent
Science
Population
Social epidemiology
Education
Interviews as Topic
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Health Economics
Humans
Obesity
European Union
education
Socioeconomic status
Educational Attainment
Aged
030505 public health
Body Weight
Biology and Life Sciences
Health Surveys
Educational attainment
Social Epidemiology
Health Care
Cross-Sectional Studies
Spain
People and places
Body mass index
Demography
Stratum
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Hernández-Yumar, A, Wemrell, M, Abásolo Alessón, I, González López-Valcárcel, B, Leckie, G & Merlo, J 2018, ' Socioeconomic differences in Body Mass Index in Spain : an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy ', PLoS ONE, vol. 13, no. 12, e0208624 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208624, PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 12, p e0208624 (2018), PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....98287c2bb68fa9a2749c1ff7f7f69e73