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Dynamics of Fire Foci in the Amazon Rainforest and Their Consequences on Environmental Degradation

Dynamics of Fire Foci in the Amazon Rainforest and Their Consequences on Environmental Degradation

Authors :
Helvécio de Oliveira Filho
José Francisco de Oliveira-Júnior
Marcos Vinícius da Silva
Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim
Munawar Shah
João Paulo Assis Gobo
Claudio José Cavalcante Blanco
Luiz Claudio Gomes Pimentel
Corbiniano da Silva
Elania Barros da Silva
Thelma de Barros Machado
Carlos Rodrigues Pereira
Ninu Krishnan Modon Valappil
Vijith Hamza
Mohd Anul Haq
Ilyas Khan
Abdullah Mohamed
El-Awady Attia
Source :
Sustainability; Volume 14; Issue 15; Pages: 9419
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2022.

Abstract

Burns are common practices in Brazil and cause major fires, especially in the Legal Amazon. This study evaluated the dynamics of the fire foci in the Legal Amazon in Brazil and their consequences on environmental degradation, particularly in the transformation of the forest into pasture, in livestock and agriculture areas, mining activities and urbanization. The fire foci data were obtained from the reference satellites of the BDQueimadas of the CPTEC/INPE for the period June 1998–May 2022. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive and exploratory statistical analysis, followed by a comparison with the PRODES data during 2004–2021, the DETER data (2016–2019) and the ENSO phases during the ONI index for the study area. Biophysical parameters were used in the assessment of environmental degradation. The results showed that El Niño’s years of activity and the years of extreme droughts (2005, 2010 and 2015) stand out with respect to significant increase in fire foci. Moreover, the significant numbers of fire foci indices during August, September, October and November were recorded as 23.28%, 30.91%, 15.64% and 10.34%, respectively, and these were even more intensified by the El Niño episodes. Biophysical parameters maps showed the variability of the fire foci, mainly in the south and west part of the Amazon basin referring to the Arc of Deforestation. Similarly, the states of Mato Grosso, Pará and Amazonas had the highest alerts from PRODES and DETER, and in the case of DETER, primarily mining and deforestation (94.3%) increased the environmental degradation. The use of burns for agriculture and livestock, followed by mining and wood extraction, caused the degradation of the Amazon biome.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20711050
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Sustainability; Volume 14; Issue 15; Pages: 9419
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....994b49bd50d2db0c8f52fe48bac3214d
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159419