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Association between Water and Energy Requirements with Physical Activity and Fat-Free Mass in Preschool Children in Japan
- Source :
- Nutrients; Volume 13; Issue 11; Pages: 4169, Nutrients, Vol 13, Iss 4169, p 4169 (2021), Nutrients
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Water and energy are essential for the human body. The doubly labeled water (DLW) method measures water turnover (WT) and total energy expenditure (TEE), which serves as a benchmark for the adequate intake (AI) of water and estimated energy requirements (EER). The objective of the current study was to examine the association of WT and TEE with physical activity and body composition in Japanese preschool children. We included 41 preschool children (22 girls, 19 boys) aged 3–6 in this study. WT, TEE, and fat-free mass (FFM) were obtained using DLW. Physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer and categorized as light (LPA; 1.5–2.9 Metabolic equivalents, METs) and of moderate-to-vigorous intensity (MVPA; ≥3.0 METs). Exercise duration (Ex) was defined as ≥4.0 METs of physical activity. WT and TEE moderately positively correlated with Ex, but not with LPA. WT moderately positively correlated with BW and FFM while TEE strongly. We established predictive equations for WT and TEE using body weight (BW), FFM, step count, and Ex to guide the AI of water and EER in Japanese preschool children. We found that FFM and step count are the determinants of TEE, and that BW and Ex are the determinants of WT in preschool children.
- Subjects :
- Male
prediction equation
Physical activity
total energy expenditure
Doubly labeled water
Body weight
Energy requirement
children
doubly labeled water
exercise
Japan
preschool
water turnover
Article
Metabolic equivalent
Body Mass Index
Sex Factors
Animal science
Total energy expenditure
Fat free mass
Humans
Medicine
TX341-641
Child
Nutrition and Dietetics
business.industry
Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Body Weight
Nutritional Requirements
Water
Dietary Reference Intake
Child, Preschool
Body Composition
Female
Energy Metabolism
business
human activities
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20726643
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nutrients; Volume 13; Issue 11; Pages: 4169
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....999b7dad12f92a6da0b3cd5e4cdf28f4
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13114169