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Dysregulated Transcriptional Control in Prostate Cancer
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 12, p 2883 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Recent advances in whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of prostate cancer at different stages indicate that a large number of mutations found in tumors are present in non-protein coding regions of the genome and lead to dysregulated gene expression. Single nucleotide variations and small mutations affecting the recruitment of transcription factor complexes to DNA regulatory elements are observed in an increasing number of cases. Genomic rearrangements may position coding regions under the novel control of regulatory elements, as exemplified by the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion and the amplified enhancer identified upstream of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Super-enhancers are increasingly found to play important roles in aberrant oncogenic transcription. Several players involved in these processes are currently being evaluated as drug targets and may represent new vulnerabilities that can be exploited for prostate cancer treatment. They include factors involved in enhancer and super-enhancer function such as bromodomain proteins and cyclin-dependent kinases. In addition, non-coding RNAs with an important gene regulatory role are being explored. The rapid progress made in understanding the influence of the non-coding part of the genome and of transcription dysregulation in prostate cancer could pave the way for the identification of novel treatment paradigms for the benefit of patients.
- Subjects :
- Male
Transcriptional Activation
Enhancer RNAs
Computational biology
Review
Biology
Catalysis
Inorganic Chemistry
lcsh:Chemistry
Prostate cancer
Super-enhancer
super-enhancer
medicine
Transcriptional regulation
Animals
Humans
enhancer RNA
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Enhancer
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Molecular Biology
Gene
Transcription factor
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
Organic Chemistry
Prostatic Neoplasms
General Medicine
single-nucleotide polymorphism
medicine.disease
prostate cancer
Computer Science Applications
gene transcription
Androgen receptor
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Enhancer Elements, Genetic
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9adb91f94578757fbfaa959d98960cea