Neofibularia nolitangere

Neofibularia nolitangere (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) Tables 6, 7; Figs. 13A–C, 16M Synonymy and references: Amphimedon nolitangere Duchassaing & Michelotti (1864: 82); Fibularia massa, Fibulia nolitangere, Fibulia massa, Gellius massa, Neofibularia massa and Neofibularia nolitangere nolitangere: see references compiled in Hartman (1967: 7); Neofibularia nolitangere, Hajdu & van Soest (2002: 648) and Pérez et al. (2017: 11). Type locality. St. Thomas. Material examined. CNPGG-2206, Cayo Arcas reef (20.20183°N, - 91.97583°W), 6.7 m depth, coll. Diana Ugalde, 20 August 2018. Description. Massive habit, growing in laterally fused tubes, sometimes volcano-shaped with an apical depression (Fig. 16M); the largest specimen measures up to 22 × 10 cm. Surface hispid, slightly rugose. Oscules are wide and oval-shaped up to 2 cm in diameter. Color in vivo dark red-brown and beige after fixation. The consistency is crumbly and brittle. Skeleton. Irregular reticulation of fibers cored by several spicules projecting out the fibers; meshes 200 µm in diameter (Figs. 13A–B). Spicules. Megascleres: Strongyles slightly curved 270– 317.6 (27.48)–350/8– 10.8 (1.5)–12 µm (Fig. 13C). Microscleres: straight microxeas 110– 116 (4.1)–120/8– 10.8 (1.5)–12 µm (Fig. 13C 1); raphides occurring singly 100– 107 (6.7)–115/2– 2.3 (0.5)–2.4 µm; sigmas 16– 17 (1.95)–20 µm (Fig. 13C 2). Distribution. Mexico (current records), Bahamas, US (North Carolina, Florida) (de Laubenfels 1936), other countries in the Caribbean Sea (Zea 1987). Remarks. Hartman (1967) revised specimens of Neofibularia nolitangere where sigmas had been overlooked by de Laubenfels (1936), and found them. These specimens perfectly matched additional materials from the former author, and Hechtel (1965) before him, described from Jamaica, including the presence of dermatitis-producing toxins. Specimens described here possess all three categories of microscleres, although the similar lengths of raphides and microxea raises the possibility of the former being merely juveniles of the latter. Contrary to Hartman’s (1967) report, we could not see distinctly arranged trichodragmas for either category, much the less both. Ours is the first record of this species in the SGoM. It was formerly known from the northern part of the GoM, in particular from Florida, as well as from the Caribbean (widely distributed) and the Bahamas. Order Bubarida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015
Published as part of Ugalde, Diana, Fernandez, Julio C. C., Gómez, Patricia, Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele & Simões, Nuno, 2021, An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs, pp. 1-112 in Zootaxa 5031 (1) on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5031.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5454380
{"references":["Duchassaing, F. P. & Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem, 21, 1 - 124.","Hartman, W. D. (1967) Revision of Neofibularia (Porifera, Demospongiae), a genus of toxic sponges from the West Indies and Australia. Postilla, 113, 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 9000","Hajdu, E. & van Soest, R. W. M. (2002) Family Desmacellidae Ridley & Dendy, 1886. pp. 642 - 650. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Vol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 642 - 650. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 69","Perez, T., Diaz, M. C., Ruiz, C., Condor-Lujan, B., Klautau, M., Hajdu, E., Lobo-Hajdu, G., Zea, S., Pomponi, S. A., Thacker, R. W., Carteron, S., Tollu, G., Pouget-Cuvelier, A., Thelamon, P., Marechal, J. P., Thomas, O. P., Ereskovsky, A. V., Vacelet, J. & Boury-Esnault, N. (2017) How a collaborative integrated taxonomic effort has trained new spongiologists and improved knowledge of Martinique Island (French Antilles, eastern Caribbean Sea) marine biodiversity. PLoS ONE, 12, e 0173859. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0173859","Laubenfels, M. W. de (1936) A Discussion of the Sponge Fauna of the Dry Tortugas in Particular and the West Indies in General, with Material for a Revision of the Families and Orders of the Porifera. Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1936, 1 - 225.","Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe Colombiano. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas - INVEMAR, Santa Marta, 283 pp.","Hechtel, G. J. (1965) A systematic study of the Demospongiae of Port Royal, Jamaica. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 20, 1 - 103."]}