Back to Search
Start Over
WAO-ARIA consensus on chronic cough - Part II: Phenotypes and mechanisms of abnormal cough presentation — Updates in COVID-19
- Source :
- World Allergy Organization Journal, Vol 14, Iss 12, Pp 100618-(2021), The World Allergy Organization Journal, World Allergy Organization Journal, World Allergy Organization Journal, 2021, 14 (12), pp.100618. ⟨10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100618⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2021.
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chronic cough can be triggered by respiratory and non-respiratory tract illnesses originating mainly from the upper and lower airways, and the GI tract (ie, reflux). Recent findings suggest it can also be a prominent feature in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), laryngeal hyperresponsiveness, and COVID-19. The classification of chronic cough is constantly updated but lacks clear definition. Epidemiological data on the prevalence of chronic cough are informative but highly variable. The underlying mechanism of chronic cough is a neurogenic inflammation of the cough reflex which becomes hypersensitive, thus the term hypersensitive cough reflex (HCR). A current challenge is to decipher how various infectious and inflammatory airway diseases and esophageal reflux, among others, modulate HCR. OBJECTIVES: The World Allergy Organization/Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (WAO/ARIA) Joint Committee on Chronic Cough reviewed the current literature on classification, epidemiology, presenting features, and mechanistic pathways of chronic cough in airway- and reflux-related cough phenotypes, OSA, and COVID-19. The interplay of cough reflex sensitivity with other pathogenic mechanisms inherent to airway and reflux-related inflammatory conditions was also analyzed. OUTCOMES: Currently, it is difficult to clearly ascertain true prevalence rates in epidemiological studies of chronic cough phenotypes. This is likely due to lack of standardized objective measures needed for cough classification and frequent coexistence of multi-organ cough origins. Notwithstanding, we emphasize the important role of HCR as a mechanistic trigger in airway- and reflux-related cough phenotypes. Other concomitant mechanisms can also modulate HCR, including type2/Th1/Th2 inflammation, presence or absence of deep inspiration-bronchoprotective reflex (lower airways), tissue remodeling, and likely cough plasticity, among others. ispartof: WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL vol:14 issue:12 ispartof: location:United States status: published
- Subjects :
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Allergy
Upper airway cough syndrome
medicine.medical_treatment
Cough reflex
Immunology
GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE
AIRWAY COUGH
Lower airway disease
OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE
[SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
TRP CHANNELS
Article
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS
[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
CHEST GUIDELINE
medicine
Immunology and Allergy
Continuous positive airway pressure
VARIANT ASTHMA
Cough phenotypes
COPD
Science & Technology
POSTNASAL-DRIP-SYNDROME
business.industry
Type 2 inflammation
RC581-607
medicine.disease
Obstructive sleep apnea
respiratory tract diseases
ALLERGIC RHINITIS
Chronic cough
Upper respiratory tract infection
BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS
[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
GERD
Reflex
[SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
Multifactorial cough
Immunologic diseases. Allergy
medicine.symptom
business
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
COVID 19
Reflux-cough
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19394551
- Volume :
- 14
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- World Allergy Organization Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9bc305d2c05b120ee5ca8a5f860e10ba