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Cysteinyl cathepsins in cardiovascular diseases
- Source :
- Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Cysteinyl cathepsins are lysosomal/endosomal proteases that mediate bulk protein degradation in these intracellular acidic compartments. Yet, studies indicate that these proteases also appear in the nucleus, nuclear membrane, cytosol, plasma membrane, and extracellular space. Patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) show increased levels of cathepsins in the heart, aorta, and plasma. Plasma cathepsins often serve as biomarkers or risk factors of CVD. In aortic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and abdominal aneurysms, cathepsins play pathogenic roles, but many of the same cathepsins are cardioprotective in hypertensive, hypertrophic, and infarcted hearts. During the development of CVD, cathepsins are regulated by inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, hypertensive stimuli, oxidative stress, and many others. Cathepsin activities in inflammatory molecule activation, immunity, cell migration, cholesterol metabolism, neovascularization, cell death, cell signaling, and tissue fibrosis all contribute to CVD and are reviewed in this article in memory of Dr. Nobuhiko Katunuma for his contribution to the field.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Proteases
Cell signaling
Biophysics
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Protein degradation
Pharmacology
Biochemistry
Article
Analytical Chemistry
Proinflammatory cytokine
03 medical and health sciences
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Extracellular
Medicine
Animals
Humans
Molecular Biology
Cathepsin
business.industry
Atherosclerosis
Cathepsins
Cytosol
030104 developmental biology
Cardiovascular Diseases
business
Intracellular
Biomarkers
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18781454
- Volume :
- 1868
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Biochimica et biophysica acta. Proteins and proteomics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9c0bf0ebf2e15b5afe6670903a86c380