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Usability assessment of seven HIV self-test devices conducted with lay-users in Johannesburg, South Africa
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e0227198 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Introduction The first 90 of the 90-90-90 initiative introduced by the World Health Organization(WHO) in 2015 requires 90% of people with HIV be aware of their status by 2020. In South Africa, conventional facility-based testing had reached 84.9% in 2018; innovative new methods, like HIV self-testing(HIVST) may close the testing gap. This study aimed to determine the usability of seven HIVST kits among untrained South Africans. Methods This cross-sectional study of 1400 adults in Johannesburg evaluated the usability of five blood fingerstick and two oral fluid HIVSTs, using WHO prequalification criteria, from June 2016 to June 2018. Participants were handed one kit, with no further information about the device or test procedure, and asked to perform the test in front of an observer. The observer used product-specific semi-structured questionnaires organized into a composite usability index(UI) using a HIVST process checklist, a contrived results interpretation and a post-test interview that expanded on participant experiences with the device and instructions-of-use(IFU). Participants were not tested themselves, but provided with contrived results to interpret. Results The average UI was 92.8%(84.2%-97.6%); the major difficulty was obtaining and transferring the specimen. Participants correctly interpreted 96.1% of the non-reactive/negative, 97.0% of the reactive/positive, 98.0% of the invalid and 79.9% of the weak positive results. Almost all participants(97.0%) stated they would visit a clinic or seek treatment for positive results; with negative results, half(50.6%) stated they should re-test in the next three months while one-third(36.1%) said they should condomize. Nearly all found the devices easy to use(96.6%), the IFUSs easy to understand(97.9%) and felt confident using the test unassisted(95.9%) but suggested improvements to packaging/IFUs to further increase usability; 19.9% preferred clinic-based testing to HIVST. Conclusion The UI and interpretation of results was high and in-line with previous usability studies, suggesting that these kits are appropriate for use in the general, untrained and unsupervised public.
- Subjects :
- Male
RNA viruses
Cross-sectional study
Physiology
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Social Sciences
HIV Infections
medicine.disease_cause
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Adolescents
Geographical locations
South Africa
User-Computer Interface
Families
0302 clinical medicine
Usability assessment
Immunodeficiency Viruses
Sociology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mass Screening
030212 general & internal medicine
Children
Multidisciplinary
Schools
HIV diagnosis and management
Checklist
Body Fluids
Blood
Medical Microbiology
Viral Pathogens
Viruses
Medicine
Female
Anatomy
Pathogens
0305 other medical science
Psychology
Research Article
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Fingerstick
Science
MEDLINE
Microbiology
Education
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Retroviruses
medicine
Humans
Saliva
Microbial Pathogens
Educational Attainment
030505 public health
business.industry
Lentivirus
Organisms
HIV
Biology and Life Sciences
Usability
Diagnostic medicine
Cross-Sectional Studies
Age Groups
Family medicine
Africa
Population Groupings
Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
People and places
business
Self test
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9c7a9d02609adbe567583de325165c07