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Increases in Plasma Tryptophan Are Inversely Associated with Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) Study123
- Source :
- Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- American Society for Nutrition, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Background: During development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), interferon-γ-mediated inflammation accelerates degradation of tryptophan into downstream metabolites. A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) consisting of a high intake of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), nuts, fruits, vegetables, and cereals has been demonstrated to lower the risk of CVD. The longitudinal relation between tryptophan and its downstream metabolites and CVD in the context of a MedDiet is unstudied.Objective: We sought to investigate the relation between metabolites in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and CVD in the context of a MedDiet pattern.Methods: We used a case-cohort design nested in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea randomized controlled trial. There were 231 CVD cases (stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death) among 985 participants over a median of 4.7 y of follow-up [mean ± SD age: 67.6 ± 6.1 y; 53.7% women; mean ± SD body mass index (in kg/m2): 29.7 ± 3.7]. We assessed plasma tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, and quinolinic acid concentrations at baseline and after 1 y of intervention with a MedDiet. We combined these metabolites in a kynurenine risk score (KRS) by weighting each metabolite by the adjusted coefficient of its associations with CVD. Cox models were used in the primary analysis.Results: Increases in tryptophan after 1 y were associated with a lower risk of composite CVD (HR per SD: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.98). The baseline kynurenic acid concentration was associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease death but not stroke. A higher KRS was more strongly associated with CVD in the control group than in the 2 intervention groups (P-interaction = 0.003). Adjustment for changes in plasma tryptophan attenuated the inverse association between MedDiet+EVOO and CVD.Conclusions: An increase in the plasma tryptophan concentration was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CVD. A MedDiet may counteract the deleterious effects of a high kynurenine risk score. This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health of the United States (1R01HL118264), Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (Projects CNIC-06/2007, RTIC G03/140, CIBER 06/03, PI06-1326, PI07-0954, PI11/02505, SAF2009-12304 and AGL2010-22319-C03-03 ) and by the Generalitat Valenciana (ACOMP2010-181, AP111/10, AP-042/11, ACOM2011/145, ACOMP/2012/190, ACOMP/2013/159 and ACOMP/213/165)
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Mediterranean diet
Epidemiology
Metabolite
Sistema cardiovascular -- Malalties
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Context (language use)
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Diet, Mediterranean
Lower risk
DIETA MEDITERRÀNIA
Cohort Studies
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Kynurenic acid
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Metabolomics
Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics
Dieta -- Mediterrània, Regió de la
Aged
Nutrition
Ciències de la salut
Nutrition and Dietetics
Framingham Risk Score
Errata
business.industry
MALALTIES CARDIOVASCULARS
Tryptophan
Case-control study
Health sciences
food and beverages
Middle Aged
Cardiovascular disease
Ciencias de la salud
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
chemistry
Cardiovascular Diseases
Case-Control Studies
Female
business
0022-3166
Kynurenine
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20091230
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9cbb1f910c5411960df9d8ea82bff052
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.241711