Effect and significance of hyperlipoproteinemia on stent thrombosis in patients with implanted drug-eluting stents: The 5-year follow up study

BACKGROUND Elevated blood lipid level, also known as hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP), is the most common metabolic disorder in the general population. According to US National Heart Institute data, about 36% of adults and 10% of children aged 9 to 12 have elevated cholesterol levels. The risk of ischemic heart disease increases by 2-3% with every 1% increase in total cholesterol levels. Therefore, men aged 55-65 with a 10% increase in total cholesterol have about 38% increased ischemic heart disease mortality. The study's main objective is to determine the level of occurrence of thrombotic complications in patients in whom first-generation drug-eluting stents are implanted depending on the existence of HLP. METHODS The study is retrospective, clinical, non-interventionist, with a five-year follow-up period for each patient. Initially, 800 patients undergoing index percutaneous coronary angioplasty with sirolimus-eluting and paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation were enrolled. Clinical data of patients are data on cardiac disorders, the presence of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipoproteinemia, and smoking as a risk factor. In the examined group of patients, stent thrombosis was monitored according to ARC criteria. RESULTS Initially, the study included 800 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasty index. At the end of the follow-up period, the clinical trial was completed with 701 patients (87.6%), who underwent statistical analysis. Stent thrombosis, determined according to ARC criteria, was reported definitive stent thrombosis in 22 patients (3.06%). Probable stent thrombosis was reported in 1 patient (0.14%), possible stent thrombosis in 1 patient (0.14%). Of the 404 patients who had HLP, total cholesterol values over 300mg/dL were measured in 120 patients. Twenty patients with definitive stent thrombosis had cholesterol over 300mg/dL. Patients with probable and possible stent thrombosis did not have HLP. A comparison of patients with stent thrombosis, with HLP and without HLP, concluded a statistically significant difference (16.67% vs. 1.35%, p 300 mg/dL and without HLP, a statistically significant difference was obtained (71.7% vs. 17.2%, p