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Risk Factors for Postpartum Disease Activity in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Authors :
Vivian Huang
Parul Tandon
Jonah Wiseman Perlmutter
Geoffrey C. Nguyen
Gurpreet Malhi
Source :
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 28:1090-1099
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Oxford University Press (OUP), 2021.

Abstract

Background Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of postpartum disease activity. We aimed to systematically determine the effect of various risk factors on postpartum IBD disease activity. Methods Electronic databases were searched through January 2021 for studies that reported risk of postpartum disease activity in women with IBD. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the impact of IBD phenotype, disease activity, therapy de-escalation, mode of delivery, and breastfeeding on postpartum disease activity. Study bias was determined using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool. Results Twenty-seven observational studies (3825 patients) were included, 15 of which had a high risk of confounding bias. The pooled incidence of women with postpartum active IBD was 31.9% (95% CI, 25.6–38.1). Similar results were seen with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease (CD; OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.58–1.59). Those with stricturing (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.31–10.08) and penetrating (OR, 4.25; 95% CI, 1.11–16.26) CD had higher odds of postpartum active IBD. Active disease at conception (OR, 10.59; 95% CI, 1.48–76.02) and during pregnancy (OR, 4.91; 95% CI, 1.82–13.23) increased the odds of postpartum disease activity. Similarly, biologic discontinuation in the third trimester (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.01–3.10) and therapy de-escalation after delivery (OR, 7.36; 95% CI, 3.38–16.0) was associated with postpartum disease activity. Conclusions Complicated Crohn’s disease, disease activity at conception and during pregnancy, and de-escalation of biologics during pregnancy or after delivery are associated with postpartum disease activity in women with IBD.

Details

ISSN :
15364844 and 10780998
Volume :
28
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....9e8bf3fa58748954cadfb7e122f3da43
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izab206