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Genomic Survey, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analysis of Apocynum venetum and Apocynum hendersonii to Reveal Major Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathways
- Source :
- Metabolites, Volume 9, Issue 12
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Apocynum plants, especially A. venetum and A. hendersonii, are rich in flavonoids. In the present study, a whole genome survey of the two species was initially carried out to optimize the flavonoid biosynthesis-correlated gene mining. Then, the metabolome and transcriptome analyses were combined to elucidate the flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Both species have small genome sizes of 232.80 Mb (A. venetum) and 233.74 Mb (A. hendersonii) and showed similar metabolite profiles with flavonols being the main differentiated flavonoids between the two specie. Positive correlation of gene expression levels (flavonone-3 hydroxylase, anthocyanidin reductase, and flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) and total flavonoid content were observed. The contents of quercitrin, hyperoside, and total anthocyanin in A. venetum were found to be much higher than in A. hendersonii, and such was thought to be the reason for the morphological difference in color of A. venetum and A. hendersonii. This study provides valuable genomic and metabolome information for understanding of A. venetum and A. hendersonii, and lays a foundation for elucidating Apocynum genus plant flavonoid biosynthesis.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
metabolites profiles
ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species
Flavonoid
Biology
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Apocynum venetum
Article
Anthocyanidin reductase
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Flavonols
Botany
Metabolome
heterocyclic compounds
Molecular Biology
Apocynum hendersonii
chemistry.chemical_classification
ved/biology
Apocynum
fungi
food and beverages
biology.organism_classification
Quercitrin
genomic survey
carbohydrates (lipids)
030104 developmental biology
Flavonoid biosynthesis
chemistry
flavonoids
gene expression
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22181989
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Metabolites
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9e99840471acb73d52c990ba85a1f119
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9120296