Advances in the applications of polymer biomaterials for in vitro follicle culture

The ovarian reserve (OR) indicates ovarian function by representing the quantity and quality of ovarian follicles, and it gradually decreases with increasing age. With the prolongation of women’s lives, the protection provided by estrogen is lost for decades in postmenopausal women, and the related cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and decreased immunity are the main risk factors affecting women’s quality of life and longevity. Pharmacologic hormone replacement therapy (PHRT) has been controversial, and the construction of artificial ovary (AO) has attracted increasing attention. The most critical step of AO generation is the establishment of an in vitro culture (IVC) system to support the development of isolated follicles. This article mainly compares the advantages and disadvantages of different polymer biomaterials for use in follicle IVC, provides theoretical support for the development and construction of the follicle IVC system using natural biological materials, and provides a theoretical basis for establishing mature AO technology.