3-Phenylcoumarin derivatives selectively modulate different steps of reactive oxygen species production by immune complex-stimulated human neutrophils

Immune complex (IC) deposition in tissues triggers the release of harmful oxidant and lytic compounds by neutrophils. We examined how ten 3-phenylcoumarin derivatives affect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by IC-stimulated human neutrophils. Most of the 3-phenylcoumarins inhibited the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL-lum) more strongly than they inhibited the lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL-luc), without clear signs of toxicity. The most effective CL-lum inhibitors, 6,7-dihydroxy-3-[3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl]-coumarin (5) and 6,7-dihydroxy-3-[3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl]-coumarin (19), also inhibited myeloperoxidase activity more potently and had higher hypochlorous acid scavenging ability, but did not affect the NADPH-oxidase activity. The type, number, and position of the substituent influenced the pharmacological effects of 3-phenylcoumarins; however, the structural requirements for CL-lum and CL-luc inhibition were a little different. Compounds 5 and 19 are promising prototypes of therapeutic molecules to modulate ROS production by neutrophils in IC-mediated inflammatory diseases.