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Pulmonary Vasculitides: A Radiological Review Emphasizing Parenchymal HRCT Features

Authors :
Stefano Palmucci
Corrado Inì
Salvatore Cosentino
Luigi Fanzone
Stefano Di Pietro
Alessia Di Mari
Federica Galioto
Francesco Tiralongo
Giovanna Vignigni
Stefano Toscano
Gianluca Sambataro
Carlo Vancheri
Giulio Distefano
Antonio Basile
Source :
Diagnostics, Diagnostics, Vol 11, Iss 2318, p 2318 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

Vasculitides represent a heterogeneous group of immune-mediated disorders, characterized by a systemic inflammatory destructive process of the blood vessels resulting either in ischemia or hemorrhage. The organ involved and vessel size influence the pattern of presentation of the pathology. The lung is commonly involved in systemic vasculitides, with heterogeneous clinical, radiological, and histopathological presentations. Primary vasculitides most commonly associated with lung parenchymal involvement include small-vessel antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). Several studies have reported cases of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) associated with systemic vasculitis, particularly those positive for ANCA associated vasculitis/vasculitidis: AAV. We have selected from our case series different radiological features of pulmonary vasculitis (i.e., solitary or multiple nodules, cavitary lesions, nodules with centrilobular or peribronchial distribution, airspace consolidations, “crazy paving” appearance, interstitial disease), including cases with interstitial lung alterations. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the typical clinical manifestations of vasculitides and their main radiologic features (especially AAV).

Details

ISSN :
20754418
Volume :
11
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Diagnostics
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....a2adff8fed78f3315538f4bd84b51d10
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122318