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Production and release of sphingosine 1-phosphate and the phosphorylated form of the immunomodulator FTY720
- Source :
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 1781:496-502
- Publication Year :
- 2008
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2008.
-
Abstract
- The bioactive lipid molecule sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) binds to specific cell surface receptors and regulates several cellular processes. S1P is abundant in plasma, and physiologically its most important target cells are lymphocytes and vascular endothelial cells. S1P plays a pivotal role in the immune system by regulating lymphocyte egress from the thymus and secondary lymphoid organs. The immunomodulator FTY720 impairs this egress, causing lymphopenia. Platelets had long been considered to be the major source of plasma S1P, however recent studies revealed the importance of erythrocytes as a major supply. The sphingosine analog FTY720 is a prodrug, and FTY720 phosphate (FTY720-P) its functional form. Although both erythrocytes and platelets can produce S1P, only platelets synthesize and release FTY720-P. This review will focus on the recent advances in our understanding of the metabolism and release of S1P and FTY720-P, especially in platelets and erythrocytes.
- Subjects :
- Lymphocyte
Biology
chemistry.chemical_compound
Immune system
Sphingosine
hemic and lymphatic diseases
medicine
Animals
Humans
Platelet
Sphingosine-1-phosphate
Phosphorylation
Receptor
Molecular Biology
Fingolimod Hydrochloride
Biological Transport
Cell Biology
Sphingolipid
Cell biology
Receptors, Lysosphingolipid
medicine.anatomical_structure
chemistry
Biochemistry
Propylene Glycols
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Lysophospholipids
Immunosuppressive Agents
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13881981
- Volume :
- 1781
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a4350b4bb8ea6fa13125bbc0ffa94c8f