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Orexin stimulates breathing via medullary and spinal pathways
Orexin stimulates breathing via medullary and spinal pathways
- Source :
- Journal of Applied Physiology. 98:1387-1395
- Publication Year :
- 2005
- Publisher :
- American Physiological Society, 2005.
-
Abstract
- A central neuronal network that regulates respiration may include hypothalamic neurons that produce orexin, a peptide that influences sleep and arousal. In these experiments, we investigated 1) projections of orexin-containing neurons to the pre-Bötzinger region of the rostral ventrolateral medulla that regulates rhythmic breathing and to phrenic motoneurons that innervate the diaphragm; 2) the presence of orexin A receptors in the pre-Bötzinger region and in phrenic motoneurons; and 3) physiological effects of orexin administered into the pre-Bötzinger region and phrenic nuclei at the C3–C4 levels. We found orexin-containing fibers within the pre-Bötzinger complex. However, only 0.5% of orexin-containing neurons projected to the pre-Bötzinger region, whereas 2.9% of orexin-containing neurons innervated the phrenic nucleus. Neurons of the pre-Bötzinger region and phrenic nucleus stained for orexin receptors, and activation of orexin receptors by microperfusion of orexin in either site produced a dose-dependent, significant ( P < 0.05) increase in diaphragm electromyographic activity. These data indicate that orexin regulates respiratory activity and may have a role in the pathophysiology of sleep-related respiratory disorders.
- Subjects :
- Male
Receptors, Neuropeptide
medicine.medical_specialty
Physiology
Central nervous system
Hypothalamus
Neuropeptide
Biology
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Arousal
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Orexin Receptors
Physiology (medical)
Internal medicine
Neural Pathways
mental disorders
medicine
Biological neural network
Animals
Motor Neurons
Medulla Oblongata
Orexins
Respiration
Neuropeptides
digestive, oral, and skin physiology
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Motor neuron
Rats
Orexin
Phrenic Nerve
medicine.anatomical_structure
Endocrinology
Spinal Cord
nervous system
Breathing
Neuroscience
hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
psychological phenomena and processes
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15221601 and 87507587
- Volume :
- 98
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a509fba468970e6982cdca26e430a50c
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00914.2004