Hemodynamic changes in cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins and prostaglandins in mares with subclinical endometritis

Apparently healthy mares with conception failure or embryonic loss may have subclinical endometritis (SE). Our objective was to document evidence of systemic immune responses against SE in mares. In apparently healthy (control) mares as well as those with chronic endometritis (ChE) or subacute suppurative endometritis (SSE), both considered classes of SE, serum concentrations of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α), chemokines (IL-8), acute phase protein (SAA), and plasma concentrations of prostaglandins (PGF2α and PGE2) were measured using validated enzyme linked immunoassays (EIA). Mixed-breed mares of known reproductive history, were used. Based on an endometrial cytological examination, mares were allocated into the following groups: healthy (control), ChE, and SSE (12, 26 and 11 mares, respectively). Serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 and plasma PGF2α concentrations were increased (P