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Novel brominated flame retardant (NBFR) concentrations and spatial distributions in global fishmeal
Novel brominated flame retardant (NBFR) concentrations and spatial distributions in global fishmeal
- Source :
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 170:306-313
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), which are lipophilic compounds that have been widely applied after the phasing-out of legacy BFRs, can bioaccumulate through the food chain. However, information on NBFRs in animal feeds, the beginning of farm-to-fork pathway, is very limited. Fishmeal is one of the most widely applied feedstuff worldwide. The present study identified eleven NBFRs from ninety-two globally collected fishmeal samples with levels in the range of 0.13-822 (mean: 15.1 ± 85.5) ng/g lipid weight (lw). Hexabromobenzene (HBB) and pentabromotoluene (PBT) were the most prevalent contributors (detection frequencies: 95.7% and 73.9%, respectively), and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) was the weightiest contributor (accounted for 67.1% of the Ī£NBFRs, mean: 12.1 ± 84.8 ng/g lw). From a geographical view, the highest NBFR level was found in Chinese fishmeal. The NBFRs fell within an order of magnitude in South America, Southeast Asia, Europe and United States. DBDPE was predominant in the fishmeal collected from China, South America and United States, but it was not detected in European fishmeal. The NBFR levels are significantly lower compared to the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (p 0.01), indicating that the distribution of NBFRs was not as wide as PBDEs in fishmeal. DBDPE was significantly correlated with BDE209 (r = 0.557, p 0.01), which implies that the two chemicals might have similar sources. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR)results imply that the NBFRs might have similar persistence and biomagnification potential as legacy lipophilic POPs.
- Subjects :
- China
Food Chain
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
0211 other engineering and technologies
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
Food Contamination
02 engineering and technology
010501 environmental sciences
Biology
01 natural sciences
Southeast asia
chemistry.chemical_compound
Food chain
Fish meal
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Hexabromobenzene
Animals
Pentabromotoluene
Food science
Flame Retardants
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
021110 strategic, defence & security studies
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
General Medicine
South America
Animal Feed
Pollution
Europe
chemistry
Brominated flame retardant
Bromobenzenes
Environmental Monitoring
Toluene
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 01476513
- Volume :
- 170
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a5efa6feb4735add741a851038b48839
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.112