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Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens in Children With Inherited Immune and Airway Disorders
- Source :
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 32, 4, pp. 399-404, Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 32, 399-404, Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 32(4), 399-404. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
- Publication Year :
- 2013
- Publisher :
- Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2013.
-
Abstract
- Item does not contain fulltext Children with primary immunodeficiencies, sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis are at risk to develop invasive bacterial infections caused by respiratory tract pathogens, in particular Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. This review article evaluates the role of nasopharyngeal colonization by these pathogens in the high prevalence of respiratory and invasive infections in children with inherited disorders affecting the immune system or the respiratory tract. We conclude that respiratory and invasive diseases that occur in children with primary immunodeficiencies or sickle cell disease are probably a result of increased nasopharyngeal colonization rates compared with healthy children. However, when the inherited disorder is characterized by local airway abnormalities such as in cystic fibrosis, enhanced nasopharyngeal colonization does not seem to play a major role in invasive disease risk. As the evidence for the role of nasopharyngeal colonization in disease risk in these specific patient groups partly comes from experimental studies and animal models, longitudinal studies in children are needed. Detailed understanding of the effect of colonization on the development of respiratory and invasive infections in children with primary immunodeficiencies, sickle cell disease or cystic fibrosis provides a justification for the selective introduction of vaccination and prophylactic antibiotic treatment. Recommendations for the use of (preventive) therapeutic strategies in these patient groups taking into account disease-specific immunologic mechanisms underlying colonization and disease are described.
- Subjects :
- Microbiology (medical)
Staphylococcus aureus
Haemophilus Infections
Disease
medicine.disease_cause
Auto-immunity, transplantation and immunotherapy [N4i 4]
Risk Assessment
Cystic fibrosis
Pneumococcal Infections
cystic fibrosis
Invasive mycoses and compromised host [N4i 2]
Immune system
children
respiratory tract pathogens
Nasopharynx
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Prevalence
medicine
Humans
Colonization
Child
Respiratory Tract Infections
business.industry
Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation Infection and autoimmunity [N4i 1]
Staphylococcal Infections
medicine.disease
Haemophilus influenzae
Review article
Vaccination
Infectious Diseases
medicine.anatomical_structure
Immune System Diseases
Carrier State
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Immunology
sickle cell disease
business
primary immunodeficiencies
Respiratory tract
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 08913668
- Volume :
- 32
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a922795c5bb2b94f20bf091003753d98