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Immunological function of Langerhans cells in HIV infection

Immunological function of Langerhans cells in HIV infection

Authors :
Tatsuyoshi Kawamura
Shinji Shimada
Youichi Ogawa
Takamitsu Matsuzawa
Kohji Moriishi
Source :
Journal of Dermatological Science. 87:159-167
Publication Year :
2017
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2017.

Abstract

Background Langerhans cells (LCs) are one of the initial target cells for HIV following sexual exposure and they are productively infected by HIV. HIV-infected LCs migrate to the draining lymph nodes (dLNs) and transmit the virus to CD4+ T cells, leading to the dissemination of HIV. In contrast with the role of LCs in initial HIV acquisition, little is known about the modulation of immune responses by HIV-infected LCs. Objective We aimed to elucidate the induction of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), both of which play important roles in regulating the progression of HIV infection. Methods We examined the inducibility of HLA-A*0201 restricted HIV-specific CD8+ T cells and Tregs by HIV-primed LCs or HIV-primed dendritic cells (DCs) as a control. Results The number of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells induced by HIV-primed monocyte-derived LCs (mLCs) was significantly higher than that by HIV-primed monocyte-derived DCs (mDCs). Additionally, HIV-specific CD8+ T cells induced by HIV-primed mLCs produced more IFN-γ than HIV-nonspecific CD8+ T cells. HIV-primed human epidermal LCs also induced IFN-γ-producing HIV-specific CD8+ T cells. As for the induction of Tregs, HIV-primed mLCs and human epidermal LCs significantly impaired the induction of FoxP3hiCD45RA− effector Tregs than HIV-unprimed mLCs and human epidermal LCs. Conclusions HIV-primed LCs trigger beneficial immune responses against HIV infection through the increased induction of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells and the decreased induction of effector Tregs in the initial phase of HIV infection, thereby contributing to the prolonged onset of AIDS.

Details

ISSN :
09231811
Volume :
87
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Journal of Dermatological Science
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....aae245a6df4d7020e57a543a623012e9
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.03.015