The outcome of Living Donor Liver Transplant recipients with Recent Episodes of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Background: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and is associated with a high mortality rate. Only a few reports have analyzed the impact of treated SBP that occurs in the immediate pre-operative period on outcome after a living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The results of whether post-transplant patients are dependent on pre-transplant infections are still debatable and unclear. Therefore, this study examined the outcomes of LDLT recipients with recent episodes of SBP and LDLT recipients without prior episodes of SBP. Patients: the records of 62 LDLT recipients who underwent LDLT were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-four (36 %) recipients had at least one episode of SBP before LDLT. However, active SBP was not present in any of the recipients at the time of LDLT. Both recipient groups were compared in terms of demographic profile, perioperative and postoperative variables and outcomes. Results: higher pre-operative Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score (mean [SD] 11.77 [1.37] vs 10.5 [1.22], p < 0.001) and prior history of renal dysfunction (mean serum creatinine [SD] 1.715 [1.08] vs 1.02 [0.479] mg/dl, p = 0.002) were more commonly associated with the SBP group as compared to the non-SBP group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the following variables: previous diabetes mellitus (3 [12.5 %] vs 6 [15.8 %]), pre-operative model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (median [IQR] 21 [10-37] vs 22 [9-39]), operative time (mean [SD] 789.57 [153.49] vs 800.86 [138.69] min), total number of blood transfusion (median [IQR] 10 [2-19] vs 8 [1-18]), hospital stay (median 21 vs 20 days), re-exploration (4 [16.6 %] vs 2 [5.3 %]), postoperative sepsis (8 [33 %] vs 5 [13 %]) and 30-day mortality (3 [12.5 %] vs 2 [5.3 %]). Conclusions: the presence of previous episodes of pre-operative SBP in LDLT recipients does not result in adverse post-operative short-term outcomes.