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Mass constraints for 15 protoplanetary disks from HD 1-0
- Source :
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, 634:A88. EDP Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 634, A88
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- arXiv, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Hydrogen deuteride (HD) rotational line emission can provide reliable protoplanetary disk gas mass measurements, but it is difficult to observe and detections have been limited to three T-Tauri disks. No new data have been available since the \emph{Herschel} Space Observatory mission ended in 2013. We set out to obtain new disk gas mass constraints by analysing upper limits on HD 1-0 emission in \emph{Herschel}/PACS archival data from the DIGIT key programme. With a focus on the Herbig Ae/Be disks, whose stars are more luminous than T Tauris, we determine upper limits for HD in data previosly analysed for its line detections. Their significance is studied with a grid of models run with the DALI physical-chemical code, customised to include deuterium chemistry. Nearly all the disks are constrained to $M_{\rm gas}\leq0.1\,$M$_{\odot}$, ruling out global gravitational instability. A strong constraint is obtained for the HD 163296 disk mass, $M_{\rm gas} \leq 0.067\,$M$_{\odot}$, implying $\Delta_{\rm g/d}\leq100$. This HD-based mass limit is towards the low end of CO-based mass estimates for the disk, highlighting the large uncertainty in using only CO and suggesting that gas-phase CO depletion in HD 163296 is at most a factor of a few. The $M_{\rm gas}$ limits for HD 163296 and HD 100546, both bright disks with massive candidate protoplanetary systems, suggest disk-to-planet mass conversion efficiencies of $M_{\rm p}/(M_{\rm gas} + M_{\rm p})\approx10$ to $40\,$% for present-day values. Near-future observations with SOFIA/HIRMES will be able to detect HD in the brightest Herbig~Ae/Be disks within $150\,$pc with $\approx10\,$h integration time.<br />Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A
- Subjects :
- Gravitational instability
planets and satellites
FOS: Physical sciences
Context (language use)
Astrophysics
01 natural sciences
circumstellar matter
chemistry.chemical_compound
gaseous planets
0103 physical sciences
Hydrogen deuteride
010306 general physics
010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Line (formation)
Physics
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
formation
Astronomy and Astrophysics
protoplanetary discs
Stars
T Tauri star
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
chemistry
Deuterium
Space and Planetary Science
Protoplanetary disc
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00046361
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, 634:A88. EDP Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 634, A88
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ac5ef547b69b36a6e3885f26c6bf2ab2
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.11883