Recapitulation of the anti-Idiotype antibodies as vaccine candidate

ᅟ The foreign antigen that enters into the body is detected by the immune system through antigen presenting cells leading to the production of antibodies. The use of anti-idiotype antibodies is a new way to excite the immune response that identifies and eliminates the foreign antigens entered into the body. These Anti-idiotype antibodies have the ability to decrease the non-specific binding of the antigenic protein epitopes because of high specificity for the antigenic determinants. The anti-idiotype antibodies attach to the paratope of idiotype antibody and stimulate a precise immune reaction same as that of external antigen. The anti-idiotype antibodies are the peerless therapeutic candidate as they mimic the antigenic structure and potentiate antibody and cell-mediated immunity. Even in the absence of foreign antigen, these anti-idiotype antibodies have the potential to provide long-lasting immunity. The present review is about immune regulations by anti-idiotype antibodies with some success therapeutic stories. The previous research analysis is evidence of anti-idiotype antibodies as an excellent candidate for the development of both human and animal vaccines although it has some gaps that are needed to be addressed.