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Fluid Mechanical Forces and Endothelial Mitochondria: A Bioengineering Perspective
- Source :
- Cellular and molecular bioengineering. 7(4)
- Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Endothelial cell dysfunction is the hallmark of every cardiovascular disease/condition, including atherosclerosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Fluid shear stress acting on the vascular endothelium is known to regulate cell homeostasis. Altered hemodynamics is thought to play a causative role in endothelial dysfunction. The dysfunction is associated with/preceded by mitochondrial oxidative stress. Studies by our group and others have shown that the form and/or function of the mitochondrial network are affected when endothelial cells are exposed to shear stress in the absence or presence of additional physicochemical stimuli. The present review will summarize the current knowledge on the interconnections among intracellular Ca2+ - nitric oxide - mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial fusion/fission, autophagy/mitophagy, and cell apoptosis vs. survival. More specifically, it will list the evidence on potential regulation of the above intracellular species and processes by the fluid shear stress acting on the endothelium under either physiological flow conditions or during reperfusion (following a period of ischemia). Understanding how the local hemodynamics affects mitochondrial physiology and the cell redox state may lead to development of novel therapeutic strategies for prevention or treatment of the endothelial dysfunction and, hence, of cardiovascular disease.
- Subjects :
- Endothelium
Biology
Mitochondrion
medicine.disease
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Article
Cell biology
Endothelial stem cell
medicine.anatomical_structure
mitochondrial fusion
Modeling and Simulation
Mitophagy
Immunology
medicine
Mitochondrial fission
Endothelial dysfunction
Reperfusion injury
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18655025
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cellular and molecular bioengineering
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ade2f8f6c90ea96df9adb7dcf05c8a13