The impact of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 on Male Reproduction and Men’s Health

Many couples initially deferred attempts at pregnancy or delayed fertility care due to concerns about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). One significant fear during the COVID-19 pandemic was the possibility of sexual transmission. Many couples have since resumed fertility care while accepting the various uncertainties associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) including the evolving knowledge related to male reproductive health. Significant research has been conducted exploring viral shedding, tropism, sexual transmission, the impact of male reproductive hormones and possible implications to semen quality. However, to date, limited definitive evidence exists regarding many of these aspects, creating a challenging landscape for both patients and physicians to obtain and provide the best clinical care. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of the evolving literature surrounding COVID-19 and male sexual and reproductive health, and guidance for patient counseling.
Capsule: SARS-CoV-2 is unlikely to be detected in human semen, however viral tropism for the male reproductive tract and the impact on both male hormones and semen parameters remains incompletely characterized.