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The Relationship Between Bone and Reproductive Hormones Beyond Estrogens and Androgens

Authors :
Alexander N Comninos
Waljit S. Dhillo
Lisa Yang
Edouard Mills
Moustapha Kassem
Morten Frost Munk Nielsen
Source :
Endocrine Reviews, Mills, E G, Yang, L, Nielsen, M F, Kassem, M, Dhillo, W S & Comninos, A N 2021, ' The Relationship Between Bone and Reproductive Hormones Beyond Estrogens and Androgens ', Endocrine Reviews, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 691-719 . https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab015, Mills, E G, Yang, L, Nielsen, M F, Kassem, M, Dhillo, W S & Comninos, A N 2021, ' The Relationship between Bone and Reproductive Hormones beyond Estrogens and Androgens ', Endocrine Reviews, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 691-719 . https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab015
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Oxford University Press, 2021.

Abstract

Reproductive hormones play a crucial role in the growth and maintenance of the mammalian skeleton. Indeed, the biological significance for this hormonal regulation of skeletal homeostasis is best illustrated by common clinical reproductive disorders, such as primary ovarian insufficiency, hypothalamic amenorrhea, congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and early menopause, which contribute to the clinical burden of low bone mineral density and increased risk for fragility fracture. Emerging evidence relating to traditional reproductive hormones and the recent discovery of newer reproductive neuropeptides and hormones has deepened our understanding of the interaction between bone and the reproductive system. In this review, we provide a contemporary summary of the literature examining the relationship between bone biology and reproductive signals that extend beyond estrogens and androgens, and include kisspeptin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, progesterone, inhibin, activin, and relaxin. A comprehensive and up-to-date review of the recent basic and clinical research advances is essential given the prevalence of clinical reproductive disorders, the emerging roles of upstream reproductive hormones in bone physiology, as well as the urgent need to develop novel safe and effective therapies for bone fragility in a rapidly aging population.<br />Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19457189 and 0163769X
Volume :
42
Issue :
6
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Endocrine Reviews
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....af4ad570e10d4600db06b7704daeb6dc
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab015