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Is there a risk for the aquatic environment due to the existence of emerging organic contaminants in treated domestic wastewater? Greece as a case-study
- Source :
- Journal of hazardous materials. 283
- Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- The ecological threat associated with emerging pollutants detected in wastewater was estimated in country level. Treated wastewater was analyzed for pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs; whereas the concentrations of all emerging contaminants determined in Greek Sewage Treatment Plants were recorded through literature review. Toxicity data was collected after literature review or using ECOSAR and risk quotients (RQs) were calculated for treated wastewater and 25 Greek rivers, for 3 different aquatic organisms (fish, daphnia magna, algae). According to the results, monitoring data was available for 207 micropollutants belonging to 8 different classes. RQ>1 was calculated for 30 compounds in secondary treated wastewater. Triclosan presented RQ>1 (in algae) for all studied rivers; decamethylcyclopentasilane (in daphnia magna), caffeine (in algae) and nonylphenol (in fish) presented RQ>1 in rivers with dilution factors (DF) equal or lower to 1910, 913 and 824, respectively. The class of emerging contaminants that present the greatest threat due to single or mixture toxicity was endocrine disrupters. The mixture of microcontaminants seems to pose significant ecological risk, even in rivers with DF equal to 2388. Future national monitoring programs should include specific microcontaminants that seem to possess environment risk to surface water.
- Subjects :
- Environmental Engineering
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Daphnia magna
Sewage
Endocrine Disruptors
Wastewater
Daphnia
Risk Assessment
Rivers
Aquatic plant
Environmental Chemistry
Animals
Water pollution
Waste Management and Disposal
Pollutant
biology
Greece
business.industry
Fishes
biology.organism_classification
Pollution
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Environmental chemistry
Environmental science
Sewage treatment
business
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Environmental Monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18733336
- Volume :
- 283
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of hazardous materials
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....af5efeea99f24b170baf031354c05867