Immunological Changes Induced in Peach Allergy Patients with Systemic Reactions by Pru p 3 Sublingual Immunotherapy

cope Sublingual immunotherapy using peach extract enriched in Pru p 3 (Pru p 3-enriched-SLIT) brings a new perspective to treating patients with allergy to lipid transfer proteins. We evaluated the immunological changes induced by Pru p 3-enriched-SLIT during one year. Methods and results Three groups were included: peach allergic patients who received Pru p 3-enriched-SLIT, peach allergic untreated patients and controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained before treatment and different time-points. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) maturation and lymphocyte proliferation were assessed by flow cytometry. Data showed a significant reduction of moDCs maturation status during one year of treatment and an increase in PD-L1. Moreover, we observed a significant decrease of the Pru p 3-specific proliferation of effector cells and an increase in Treg cells with higher PD-L1 expression and IL-10 production. These were observed in patients treated only. Conclusion Successful Pru p 3-enriched-SLIT is linked to an important immunosuppression of allergen-specific effector T cells maybe the increase of allergen-specific Treg cells. These cellular changes are orchestrated by the activity of moDCs promoting the expression PD-L1 that will participate in the regulatory response. These changes may serve as biomarkers during SLIT alongside other features such as IgE/IgG4 ratio. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved